Volverse árbol, reconstruir la memoria: redes bioculturales en los bosques de pewen (Araucaria araucana) del sur de los Andes
Keywords:
relational approach, sympoiesis, humans-trees, biological entities, social fabrics, mountainAbstract
Relationships between people and trees are continually unfolding in the contexts of situated social-ecological systems. In current studies on social-ecological systems linked with trees, we commonly find two approaches: the first focuses on biological entities, examining the ecological dynamics of tree species and associated biodiversity. The second approach focuses on people, analyzing human agency along with historical and contemporary political or other forces shaping human-tree relationships. In this paper, we explore social-ecological systems associated with the Pewen (Araucaria araucana), one of the most iconic and sacred trees from the southern Andes. We first describe some of our own research findings on Pewen for both approaches described above. We then develop a third perspective, which highlights biocultural relations and has the potential to overcome both the ecological/social and the biological entity/human agency dichotomies. Our relational approach allows a closer enquiry on how actors (e.g. trees and their seeds, wildlife, and people) interact in complex and sympoietic biocultural networks, recognizing the biocultural memory of the system that emerges as an on-going complex of dynamics relations, that must be enacted and performed on a daily basis. Furthermore, it stresses that people-pewen networks are continuously built and rebuilt in open systems subjected to historical and contemporary drivers of change.
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